Sexual Violence in History: A Bibliography

compiled by Stefan Blaschke

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First published: July 1, 2026 - Last updated: July 1, 2026

TITLE INFORMATION

Authors: Ruth Monserrat and Cândida Barros

Title: Representações jesuíticas em tupi do corpo ‘virgem’ de Maria em textos catequéticos do século XVI

Subtitle: -

Translation: Jesuit Representations in Tupi of the ‘Virgin’ Body of Mary in Sixteenth-Century Catechetical Texts

Journal: Indiana - Estudios Antropológicos sobre América Latina y el Caribe (Indiana - Anthropological Studies on Latin America and the Caribbean)

Volume: 42

Issue: 2

Year: 2025 (Received: May 28, 2025, Accepted: July 11, 2025)

Pages: 85-111

pISSN: 0341-8642 - Find a Library: WorldCat | eISSN: 2365-2225 - Find a Library: WorldCat

Language: Portuguese

Keywords: Modern History: 16th Century | American History: Brazilian History | Types: Rape



FULL TEXT

Link: Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Ibero-American Institute, Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation) (Free Access)



ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Authors:
- Cândida Barros: ORCID

- Ruth Monserrat: ORCID

Abstract: »In this article, we study how the body of St. Mary – a cunhã ‘woman’ – is pre- sented as a ‘virgin’ in several sixteenth-century Tupi texts produced by the Jesuits for conversion purposes. We analyse the lexical resources used to describe a ‘virginal’ body in a culture whose cosmology did not consider this a relevant characteristic. The results indicate that decisions about how to treat the topic of virginity in Tupi varied according to the catechetical genre. In the Creed and in one of the Articles of Faith, the missionaries did not translate ‘virgin’ into Tupi, but instead employed the Portuguese loanword which would not be comprehensible to the indigenous converts. However, in their sermons and poetic texts they used several lexical alternatives in Tupi to refer to St. Mary’s ‘virginal’ body before, during, and after childbirth.« (Source: Indiana)

Contents:
  Resumo (p. 85)
  Abstract (p. 85)
  Introducción (p. 86)
  Objetivos (p. 86)
  Características culturais e lexicais tupi relativas à concepção, ao parto e à gravidez (p. 88)
    monháng (‘gerar’) (p. 88)
    membyrár e ar çui (‘parir’) (p. 89)
    puruá (‘gravidez’) (p. 89)
    tygué/ rygué ‘barriga’, o ‘interior’ (raiz ) (p. 89)
  Três catecismos tupi (ant. 1591-1618) (p. 90)
  Excertos relativos à virgindade em seis gêneros pastorais em tupi (p. 91)
    Credo (“nasceu de Maria virgem”; Jorge 1566, 16v) (p. 94)
    Segundo Artigo da fé da humanidade de Cristo (“ficando ela sempre virgem”; Jorge 1566, 20v) (p. 95)
    Diálogo de pergunta e resposta sobre a ‘Encarnação de Jesus’ (p. 95)
    Lírica de Anchieta (p. 97)
    Pregação: Breve Instrução das coisas da fé (p. 99)
    Confessionário: Sexto Mandamento da Lei de Deus (p. 101)
  Repertório lexical usado nas representações para a virgindade de Maria segundo o gênero textual (séculos XVI-XVII) (p. 102)
  Características linguístico-discursivas da tradução de virgindade nos textos jesuíticos em tupi (séculos XVI e XVII) (p. 103)
    Representações de ‘virgem’ antes, durante e depois do parto (p. 104)
    Traduções por negação (p. 105)
    ‘Sangue’ (p. 105)
    ‘Tocar’ byc e atõi como eufemismos para ‘copular’ (p. 105)
    Léxicos diferentes para expressar a virgindade de Maria e a das mulheres em geral (p. 106)
  A título de conclusão: Maria ababycagoereýma, de ‘não tocada’ (século XVI) para ‘não perfurada’ (século XVIII) (p. 106)
  Referências bibliográficas (p. 109)
    Fontes primárias (p. 109)
    Obras publicadas (p. 109)

Wikipedia: History of the Americas: History of Brazil / Colonial Brazil | Catholic Church: Jesuits / Jesuit missionaries in Brazil | Ethnicity: Indigenous peoples in Brazil / Tupi people | Sex and the law: Rape / Rape in Brazil